Key points:
While classroom technology is nearly universal, educators are navigating a growing disconnect between how digital tools are mandated and how they actually function, according to Teaching for Tomorrow: Screen Wise, a new report from the Walton Family Foundation and Gallup, in partnership with the Joan Ganz Cooney Center.
The research captures teachers’ views of the challenges and opportunities learning devices pose in K-12 education today.
The survey shows that while a majority of teachers (59%) agree digital tools help students learn effectively, only 10% strongly agree. More than half (52%) say devices do as much harm as good, with more seeing net harm (29%) than net benefit (18%). While more than six-in-ten teachers say students should spend less time on screens during the school day, they are not calling for mandatory daily screen-time limits. Educators believe blanket restrictions would increase their workload and would hurt students’ digital readiness.
Instead, educators would value having a greater voice in deciding what technology is adopted, as only 29% say they’ve ever been asked to weigh in on a new classroom tool. They also want better monitoring tools to oversee how students engage with devices during class to better avoid distractions.
“This survey shows that teachers value educational technology when it has a clear purpose, and they have a voice in choosing it and overseeing its use,” said Michael Preston, Executive Director of the Joan Ganz Cooney Center. “They are more skeptical when those conditions are not met. With classroom time at a premium, we should ensure that teachers have clear information about what digital tools are meant to accomplish and the practical support they need to manage their use effectively and keep it focused on learning.”
From selection to purpose: What it takes to make digital tools work
Most teachers favor each of three possible changes to how schools adopt new digital tools:
- 95% support standardizing teacher input (including 58% strongly)
- 92% support giving families more transparency about which tools are used and why
- 92% support clear quality standards before adoption
Teacher involvement directly shapes how educators view classroom technology. Teachers who are consulted on digital tools view learning devices more positively: 70% of teachers with input say digital tools help students learn effectively, compared with 55% of those who were not consulted. Similarly, 76% of teachers who had input report that their tools are a good fit for their students, compared to just 60% of their peers without a say.
“Teachers aren’t asking schools to eliminate technology from the classroom,” said Stephanie Marken, senior partner at Gallup. “They’re asking for a greater voice in which tools are adopted and more control over how those tools are used. The findings suggest that when teachers have that input and oversight, they’re more likely to see technology as useful and less disruptive.”
The findings also highlight why instructional clarity is so important. Teacher engagement rises from 18% among teachers who say the goals of new technology are rarely or never clear, to 31% among those who say they are sometimes clear, and 46% among those who say they are clear all or most of the time. Further, only 37% of teachers say classroom tools are adequately reviewed all or most of the time.
Oversight emerges as a dividing line between skeptics and advocates
How much control teachers feel they have over student device use is one of the strongest predictors of how they view classroom technology, yet fewer than half (42%) say they have a lot of oversight of what students are doing on their devices during instruction.
That control tracks closely with confidence in the tools. Teachers with substantial oversight are less than half as likely to call devices a major or moderate distraction (20%) as those with little or no oversight (52%), and they are consistently more likely to say the tools help students learn effectively, fit their students’ needs, and do more good than harm.
The challenge grows as students get older. A lot of oversight falls from 51% of elementary school teachers to 28% in high school, even as reports of students finding workarounds rise from 17% to 67%. Together, the findings point to oversight, not just screen time, as a lever schools can pull to improve how technology works in the classroom.
Elementary teachers worry least about screens
Much of the public and media conversation about classroom screen time has centered on the youngest students, yet elementary school teachers both use devices the least and report the fewest challenges with them. Only 25% say devices are used in all or most class periods for main lessons, compared with 45% of middle school and 44% of high school teachers. They are also far less likely to see problems, with just 18% calling devices a major or moderate distraction, versus 42% and 50% in the higher grades, and only 17% saying students often find workarounds, compared with 59% and 67%.
Elementary teachers also feel the most in control. A full 51% report a lot of oversight of student device use, compared with 44% in middle school and 28% in high school. The strain grows as students get older and more technically independent— suggesting the screen-time debate may be aimed at the wrong end of the K-12 spectrum, with the least supervised and most disruptive device use concentrated not in the early grades that dominate the headlines, but in middle and high school.
Teachers value devices for accessibility
Teachers widely value devices as a tool for differentiation strategies— tailoring instruction to students’ varying needs— even as they are less convinced devices improve learning overall. Majorities say devices are very or somewhat important for English learners (77%), students with an IEP or 504 plan (76%), students needing enrichment or extension (72%), and those needing extra academic support or intervention (71%).
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