Growing Deployment of Civilian Semi-Submersibles in PLA Operations Raises Questions
The increasing involvement of civilian semi-submersible vessels in the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) amphibious operations has sparked discussions regarding the military’s sea lift capabilities. The utilization of these dual-use vessels prompts a reevaluation of the PLA’s logistical strengths.
Civilian Vessels Support Military Exercises
On August 17, 2024, a series of photos were published showcasing a flight training exercise organized by the PLA 71st Group Army, highlighting the integration of semi-submersible vessels into their operations. The engagement of such vessels illustrates the Army Aviation’s (LH) interest in bolstering ‘cross-strait’ military activities.
Deck-Landing Training on Civilian Vessels
In another noteworthy instance, an army aviation brigade under the PLA 71st Group Army conducted deck-landing training on a civilian semi-submersible vessel on August 21, 2021. This exercise featured multi-type helicopters focusing on fuel and ammunition replenishment as well as emergency repairs, aiming to reinforce operational readiness.
As part of the training scenario, a transport helicopter landed to handle simulated medical evacuations, demonstrating the vessel’s operational versatility. The civilian vessel’s deck was equipped with three helipads, showcasing its ability to support simultaneous helicopter operations.
Colonel Xu Yifeng, deputy commander of the brigade, emphasized that such training enhances pilots’ deck-landing skills and reinforces logistics support capabilities vital for effective cross-sea operations.
The semi-submersible vessel utilized in this exercise, developed by Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., is capable of accommodating multiple helicopter types, including the WZ-10, WZ-19, and Z-8 models. As yet, the Chinese military has integrated dozens of dual-use semi-submersible vessels into its fleet, effectively blurring the lines between civilian and military operations.
Strategic Advantages of Semi-Submersible Vessels
Military analyst Li Jie noted that the large deck and stability of semi-submersible vessels make them ideal platforms for diverse roles, including serving as helicopter parking and repair centers in offshore environments. In strategic scenarios involving islands or reefs, these vessels could significantly enhance helicopter combat capabilities and operational range.
Li also pointed out that advancements in China’s shipbuilding technology may further promote the military-civilian integration of semi-submersible vessels, enhancing their utility in both civil and military contexts.
Introduction of Advanced Military-Civilian Dual-Use Vessels
On March 14, a milestone was achieved with the commissioning of China’s first 50,000-ton military-civilian dual-use semi-submersible vessel in Qidong, Jiangsu Province. Spanning 227 meters in length, this state-of-the-art vessel features a massive main deck and a submersible draught designed for extensive sea operations.
This multi-functional ship is set to function as a platform for helicopter operations, emergency repairs for large warships, and logistical support in maritime operations. Constructed over a two-year period, the vessel represents a significant leap in capabilities for the PLA, combining military readiness with civilian efficiency.
This evolution in maritime technology is expected to bolster not only the PLA’s operational flexibility but also civil-military collaboration in addressing various maritime challenges.
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