computer program: A set of instructions that a computer uses to perform some analysis or computation. The writing of these instructions is known as computer programming.
edge: (in network mathematics) A connection or link between two people or things.
field: An area of study, as in: Her field of research is biology. Also a term to describe a real-world environment in which some research is conducted, such as at sea, in a forest, on a mountaintop or on a city street. It is the opposite of an artificial setting, such as a research laboratory. (in physics) A region in space where certain physical effects operate, such as magnetism (created by a magnetic field), gravity (by a gravitational field), mass (by a Higgs field) or electricity (by an electrical field).
Möbius strip: A famous “surface” in mathematics that has two sides but appears to have just one (because you can trace your finger from the outside to the inside and then continue on ending up on the outside again). Such a strip can be made by cutting a long, thin strip of paper, putting a half twist in it, and then attaching the ends together.
parallel: An adjective that describes two things that are side by side and have the same distance between their parts. In the word “all,” the final two letters are parallel lines. Or two things, events or processes that have much in common if compared side by side.
parallelogram: A four-sided geometric figure with two pairs of parallel sides.
perpendicular: An adjective that describes two things that are situated approximately 90 degrees to each other. In the letter “T,” the top line of the letter is perpendicular to the bottom line.
pi: (in mathematics) Usually written using the Greek letter π. It is a constant equal to 3.14. . . and defined as the circumference of a circle divided by its diameter.
plane: (in mathematics) A flat 2-dimensional surface, meaning it has length and width but no depth. A plane also extends infinitely in all directions.
point: (in mathematics) A precise point in space that is so small that it has no size. It merely has an address.
ratio: The relationship between two numbers or amounts. When written out, the numbers usually are separated by a colon, such as a 50:50. That would mean that for every 50 units of one thing (on the left) there would also be 50 units of another thing (represented by the number on the right).
square root: A number that has been multiplied by itself. As an example, 5 multiplied by 5 = 25. So 5 is the square root of 25. Similarly 1 is the square root of 1, and 10 is the square root of 100.
trapezoid: A four-sided geometric figure with only one pair of parallel sides.