Researchers decode the mummification balms of ancient noblewoman Senetnay, revealing her elevated status in Egyptian society.
The ingredients of balms used in the mummification of an ancient Egyptian noblewoman named Senetnay — whose remains were excavated by Howard Carter in 1900 CE — are described in a study published today (August 31) in the journal
Historical Background
Previous research has identified that Senetnay lived in Egypt around 1,450 BCE, was a wet nurse to the Pharaoh Amenhotep II during his infancy, and bore the title “Ornament of the King.” After her death, her mummified organs were stored in four jars in a royal tomb in the esteemed Valley of the Kings.
Balm Analysis
Barbara Huber, Nicole Boivin, and colleagues analyzed the substances found within six balm samples from two jars that were used to store Senetnay’s lungs and liver. They report that both balms contained beeswax, plant oils, animal fats, the naturally occurring petroleum product bitumen, and resins from the family of coniferous trees that includes pines and larches.
The authors also identified the presence of the compounds coumarin and benzoic
Reference: “Biomolecular characterization of 3500-year-old ancient Egyptian mummification balms from the Valley of the Kings” 31 August 2023, Scientific Reports.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39393-y